Essential Terms
[Live material] refers to the paste on the positive and negative plate that can provide electricity when the battery is discharged. In the lead-acid battery, the positive active material is lead dioxide, and the negative active material is spongous lead.
[Hour (Ah)] (amp hours) is the unit used to define the battery capacity, and the discharge current (amp) is used when the discharge duration (hours).
[Effective capacity] is the capacity that can be provided in a specified state of charge, discharge rate, ambient temperature, and termination voltage.
[Battery] consists of two or more single cells, usually connected together in series, and sometimes a single battery can also form a single battery.[Capacity] refers to the battery can provide electricity, expressed by ampere hours (Ah), is in a specified ambient temperature, with a specified current value, constant discharge to a termination voltage (usually 1.75V / single cell) measurement time (hours), with the current value (amp) multiplied by the discharge time (hours) to obtain the battery discharge capacity (hour Ah).
[Capacity recovery] Also known as recoverable capacity, when the battery is in a very low capacity state, the discharge capacity is obtained by various charge and discharge treatments.
[Single cell] can also be known as single cell, is the smallest unit of the battery, in lead acid battery, a single cell nominal voltage is 2V, most batteries are composed of two or more single cell, such as three single cell composed of 6V battery; 6 single compartment of 12V battery.
[Charging] is the process in which the battery reobtains the electricity, and during the charging process, the voltage at the battery end will rise.
[Charging efficiency] is the ratio of the battery discharge capacity (Ah) to the battery charging capacity (Ah) upon recharging.
[Constant voltage charging] is a charging method to control the voltage. When this method recharges the discharged batteries, the charging current will gradually decrease. Constant voltage charging is the most commonly used charging method for VRLA batteries.
[Constant current charge] is a charging method to control the current. By controlling the charging time, the charge can be fixed.When charging VRLA batteries by the constant current method, a timer needs to be installed to avoid overcharging.
[Termination voltage] End voltage of the battery at the end of charge and discharge.
[Cycle] A battery after a charge and a discharge is called a cycle.
[Cycle life] The number of charge and discharge cycles that a battery can provide before the failure, and the cycle life is greatly related to the battery discharge depth.
[Recycling] A battery method that requires repeated charging and discharging cycle.
[Deep discharge] Battery discharge leads to 80~100% of its rated capacity.
[Discharge depth] is the percentage of the battery releasing its rated capacity.
[Discharge] refers to the process of the battery output current.
[Discharge rate] is usually expressed as a multiple of the capacity (C), which refers to the rate of battery discharge.If 0.1C discharge refers to 0.1 times the capacity of the current (ampere) discharge.
[Discharge voltage] The end voltage of the battery during the discharge process.
[Electrode] refers to the positive and negative poles with active characteristics.
[Electrolyte] conducting ion in battery, lead acid battery mean sulfuric acid solution.
[Floating charge] The process of continuous charging to keep the battery fully charged, where the load is connected to the battery and the current is supplied by the charger.
[Colloid electrolyte] is a non-flowing colloid formed by a mixture of silicon compounds with an aqueous sulfuric acid solution, and the colloid is contained in a coarse fiberglass mesh plate or microporous separator, in which VRLA cells, the colloidal mesh plate replaces the more common ultrafine glass fibre material as a separator.
[High multiplier discharge / charging] A relatively high current density is used for the discharge or charging process, and the actual several multiplier charge and discharge of the rated capacity C depends on the battery design.
[Internal impedance / resistance] The measure of current obstruction, causing large or small voltage drop and some degree of resistance heat, the value of impedance (AC) and resistance (DC) is proportional, but it is different, the reason lies in the difference in measurement methods.
[Internal short circuit] refers to the inside of the battery, the positive and negative electrode plate contact together.
[Life] the time until the battery loses its characteristics and cannot be used.
[Load] A device or mechanism driven by a battery, being external to a battery.The resistance of the load and the voltage of the battery determine the size of the current, and the time the battery can run.
[Maintenance-free] unsealed conventional batteries require regular water filling, while sealed lead-acid batteries do not require such maintenance.
[Rated voltage] is used to indicate the battery voltage rating, and the VRLA battery rating is 2V.
[Open circuit voltage] End voltage of the battery without load.
[Overcharging] Continuous charging of a fully charged battery, long time overcharging will shorten the battery life.